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望远镜英语(帮我整理一下英语词汇中的前缀和后缀)

发布时间:2024-05-09 01:22:54 游览:24 次

前缀

一.表示否定的前缀

1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前。

disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)

2.in-加在形容词,名词之前

incorrect(不正确的),inability(无能,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)

3.im-加在字母m,b,p之前

impossible(不可能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impudence(厚颜无耻)

4.il-加在以1开头的词前

illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)

5.ir-加在以r开头的词前

irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)

6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前

unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)

7.non-加在形容词,名词前

non-existence(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)

8.mis-加在动词、名词之前

misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune(不幸)

9.dis-加在动词之前

disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去联系)

10.de-加在名词,形容词之前

demobilize(遣散;使…复员) decolor (脱色, 漂白)

11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前

anti-Japanese(抗日战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,反社会的),antidote(解毒药)

12.counter-加在名词、动词前

counterattack(反攻,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反革命)

二.表示“前before”的前缀

1.pre-

preconception(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection(选举前的) preface(前言)

2.Ante-

anteroom(前室,接待室),antecessor(先行者,先驱者)

3.Fore-

forehaed(前额),foreground(前景),foreman(工头,领班),foresee(预见,先见),foretell(预言)

4.Pro-

programme(计划),prologue(序幕)

5.Ex-

ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife(前妻)

三.表示“后-post”的前缀

1.post-

post-war(战后),post-position(后置词),postmeridian(下午)

四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀

1.Hypo-

Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐)

2.Infra-

Infra-red(红外线),infrahuman(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的)

3.Sub-

Sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),submarine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle(副标题)

五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀

1.Re-

Refuel(给…加油),retranslate(再译),reinforce(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)

2.Retro-

Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顾)

六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀

1.Co-

co-exist(共存),co-operate(合作),co-education(男女同校)

七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀

1.Inter-

Interchangeble(可互换的),interdependent(互相依靠的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)

八. 表示“出”、“超出”的前缀

1.Ec-

Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy(狂想)

2.Extra-

Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)

九.表示“超过”的前缀

1.hyper-, preter-, super-, sur-, ultra-

hyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhuman(超人的)

十.其它的前缀

1.auto-自

automatic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)

2.mal-坏,恶

Malnutrition(营养不良),maltreat(虐待)

3.Micro-

Microscope(显微镜),microtome(切片机)

4.Tele-远

Telegram(电报),telephone(电话),telescope(望远镜)

5.Demi-,semi-hemi-

Semi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)

6.Uni-, mono-(单一, 单独)

Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform(制服)

7.Bi-,di-二

Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)

8.Tri-三

Triangle(三角),tripld(三角架)

9.Multi-多

multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)

10.Poly –多

Polygon(多角形),polytomic(多原子的)

11.Arch-首领

archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)

12.bene-善,好

benefit(利益),benevolence(善意)

13.homo-同

homosexual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)

14.neo新

neo-colonialism(新殖民主义),neolithic(新石器时代的)

15.ortho-正确,直

orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)

16.philo-挚爱

philosopher(哲学家)

17.proto-原始

protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protoplasm(原生质)

18.pseudo-假的, 伪的, 冒充的

pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communism(假共产主义)

19.a-,ab-,abs-(只有在t,c之前)从,自

avoid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)

20.Apo-,aph-来自

apology(道歉,谢罪),apostle(倡言者,先驱)

21.se-分离

separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)

22.para-防

parachute(降落伞),

23.omni-所有的,公共的

omnibus(公共汽车),omnipotence(万能)

24.pan-全,泛

Pan-American(全美的),pancean(万灵药),panorama(风景的全貌;万花筒)

25.panto-全

pantisocracy(乌托邦大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)

26.dia-通过,借以

diagonal(对角的),diagnosis(诊断),dialogue(对话)

27.Per-通过,彻底,不利

perambrlate(走来走去),perfect极好的

28.trans-通过,横过

transcript(抄本, 副本; 记录),translation(翻译),transparent(透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)

29.Com-,con-,cor-,col-共同,和,完全

comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),corruption(贪污腐败),collaborate(合作,合著)

30.syn-共同

synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),syntonic(谐振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)

31.meta-和,在……之后

metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)

32.Cis-在这一边

cisatlantic(大西洋这边的)

33.pen-几乎,相近

peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民,半岛(状)的, 形成半岛的)

34.en-,em-往……里,使……

encamp(扎营),enable(使……能),endear(使……受喜爱),embrace(拥抱,抓住(机会))

35.intro内在

intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular(分子内部的),intracelular(细胞内部的)

36.intro-到……中

introduce(介绍),introspect(反省,内省)

37.dys-坏

dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)

38.Eu-优,美好

eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)

39.ambi-,amphi-两者

amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的;心怀二意的;非常灵巧的)

40.penta-五

pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步诗句)

41.sex-六

sexangle(六角),sexennial(六年一度的)

42. sept-七

September九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)

43.hepta-七

heptab(七个成套之物),heptagon(七角形)

44.octa-,octo,oct八

octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October (十月)

45.nona-,ennea-九

nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)

46.deci-,deca-十

decimal(十进位的),decagramme(十克)

47.centi-百

centimeter(厘米),centipede(蜈蚣)

48.milli-千

millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)

49.Kilo-千

kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)

后缀

后缀-名词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(person engaged in an occupation or activity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor

2.-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportant things)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet

3.-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette 2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette 3)女性(female)例词: usherette

4.-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,paintress

5.-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood

6.-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship

7.-ful意为:量(the amount which noun contains)例词:cupful,handful, mouthful,spoonful

8.-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva- tion 2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词: organization,foundation

9.-ment意为:状态,行动等(state; action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement

10.-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal

11.-age意为:程度,数量等(extent; amount;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage, acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage

12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness, usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability

13.-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrine of,practice of)例词:idealism, impressionism,absenteeism,racism

[编辑本段]后缀-动词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1.-ify意为:转为,变为(to turn into,to make or become)例词:beautify, diversify,simplify

2.-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(to make or become ;to make into)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten

3.-ate意为:增加,使……(give or add,make or become)例词:originate, hydrogenate,validate,differentiate

[编辑本段]后缀-形容词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1.-ful意为:充满,有(full of;hav- ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful, hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful, fearful

2.-less意为:没有,无(without;not giving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless

3.-ly意为:有……品质的(having the qualities of)例词:beastly,manly, brotherly,friendly

4.-like意为:像……的(like)例词: childlike,statesmanlike,tiger-like

5.-y;-ish意为:像……一般的(somewhat like)例词:meaty,sandy, silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish

6.-some意为:像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing; having the quality of)例词:troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome

7.-able(ible)意为:能……的;可以……的(able to be ;capable)例词: changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible

8.-ed意为:有……的(having,etc.)例词:wooded,pointed,moneyed, odd-shaped

9.-al意为:有……属性的,……类型的(nature of,typical of)例词:cultural,personal,regional,musical

10.-ary(ory)意为:属于……的,与……相连的(belonging to;connected with)例词:revolutionary,imaginary, contradictory

11.-ous意为:富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(full of;having the quality of;like)例词:glorious,erroneous,malicious,gracious

12.-ic(ical)意为:……类的;属于……的(typical of;belonging to)例词: historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dramatic,heroic

13.-ive意为:有……属性的;有某种倾向的(having the nature or quality of;given or tending to)例词:attractive, talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive

[编辑本段]后缀-副词后缀

常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:

1.-ly意为:以……方式(in a...manner;etc.)

例词:happily, boldly,attentive- ly,strangely

2.-ward(s)意为:表示方式或动作的方向(manner and direction of movement)例词:onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)

3.-wise意为:1)按照……方式(in the manner of)例词:crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(asfar as ...is concerned)例词:weatherwise ,educationwise

新概念英语第二册61课答案

眼镜的英语单词是“glasses”,单词介绍如下:

一、单词简介:

1、glasses,英语单词,主要用作名词和动词,作名词时译“眼镜,玻璃,双筒望远镜”,作动词时译为“把装入玻璃容器内,给装上玻璃”。

2、wearing glasses戴着眼镜,sun glasses太阳镜,太阳眼镜,太阳墨镜,太阳眼镜专辑,Presbyopic glasses老花镜,老花眼镜,用于矫正老花眼的凸透镜型眼镜。

二、单词造句:

1、He?tends?to?view?the?world?through?rose coloured?spectacles.他总是戴着玫瑰色的眼镜看世界。

2、With?a?sweep?of?his?hand?he?sent?the?glasses?crashing?to?the?floor.他一挥手把眼镜碰到地上摔碎了。

3、He?took?off?his?spectacles?and?rubbed?frantically?at?the?lens.他摘下眼镜,疯狂地擦着自己的镜片。

4、Automatic?Measuring?Method?of?Eyeglass?Lens?Power?Degree?of carry?System.眼镜度数全自动测量方法进位制度数。

5、Glasses are two lenses in a frame that some people wear in front of their eyes in order to help them see better.眼镜就是有两个镜片,用于治疗近视的工具。

Lesson 61

Trouble with the Hubble

哈勃望远镜的困境

New words and expressions 生词和短语

★Hubble n. 哈勃

★telescope n. 望远镜

★launch v. 发射

★space n. 空间

指宇宙空间

room 空间,不可数

Could you make room for me?

★NASA n.(National Aeronautics and Space Administration) 国家航空和航天局

★billion n. 10亿

★faulty adj. 有错误的

fault n.错误

★astronaut n. 宇航员

★shuttle n. 航天飞机

★Endeavour n. “奋进”号

★robot-arm n. 机器手

★grab v. 抓

★atmosphere n. 大气层

atmosphere 氛围

Eg.:I went to the New Concept English of New Oriental School for its good atmosphere.

★distant adj. 遥远的

★galaxy n. 星系

★universe n. 宇宙

★eagle eye 鹰眼

First listen and then answer the question.

听录音,然后回答以下问题。

What is the special importance of a telescope in space?

The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20,1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars. Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty! NASA is now going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen. The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures.

参考译文

哈勃望远镜于1990年4月20日由国家航空航天局发射升空,耗资10多亿美元。从最开始哈勃望远镜就有问题。它传送给我们的图像很令人失望,因为它的主要镜子有误差。国家航天局准备纠正这一错误,为此将把4名宇航员送入太空修复望远镜。“奋进”号航天飞机将把宇航员送上哈勃。当宇航员进行必要的修复工作时,“奋进”号上的一只机器手将抓住望远镜并托住它。当然,哈勃位于地球的大气层之外,因此,它很快就会给我们传送我们所见到过的、有关行星和远距离星系的最清晰的照片。哈勃将告诉我们有关宇宙的年龄和大小的许多事情。等到你读到这篇文章时,敏锐的哈勃望远镜已经为我们送来了成千上万张精彩的照片。

科普性文章结构简单,句式单一,单词教难

学会逻辑阅读

at a ost of 花费

Hubble

telescope

Hubble telescope 在句中做主语

was launched 动词谓语

NASA (单词缩写)组织或者机构

there was trouble with the Hubble

there be 句型

trouble with 关于...有麻烦

what's the trouble with you?

start 开始

定语从句省略引导词

主句:The pictures ...were...

-ing 令人……的

Sorry,it's my fault

faulty adj.有错误的

be going to 将要

put sth.right 把某物放正确

it 指代 NASA

send up 往上送

The shuttle Endeavour 主语,可能是交通工具

robot-arm :arm 手臂

hold it 抓住它

repairs 修理

above 在...上面(悬空的)

NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration 国家航空航天局

astronaut n. 飞行员

atmosphere

distant galaxies

stars 星星

a great deal (of) 大量(的)

by the time 到那时

everytime 每当

by the time you read this 到你读这篇文章的时候

will have done 将来完成式

thousands and thousands of 成千上万的

Hubble telescope 被人类送上天空的一种仪器

space 宇宙

launch 送进

disppinting 令人失望

astronaut 宇航员

robot-arm 机器人手臂

阅读:

1.克服害怕的心理

2.学会理解单词的含义

3.科普性文章的理解题在原文中寻找答案

Comprehension

1...because...

Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble .The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty!

Answer B

2.The Hubble telescope____

The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe.

Answer:A

Structure

5...the telescope_____....

A robot-arm fromnthe Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs.

for sb.to do sth 基本结构

Answer :A

so that + 句子

so long as + 句子:表示只要

which + 句子

Vocabulary

11...the Hubble____

had problems 有问题

requires repairs 需要修理

There was a problem with its main mirror.

What's the trouble with you?

problem with sth.

Answer D

1.problem=question

2.problem=trouble

12..The Hubble is____....

Answer D

above 在……之上(凌空)

above the earth's atmosphere 在大气层的上方

Key Structures

1.将来完成时 will have done

2.将来进行时 will be doing

3.将来完成进行时 will have been doing

4.现在完成进行时 have been doing

将来完成进行时:

从某一点发生,一直延续到将来的某一点,并且还将可能延续下去

It has been raining....

We will have been learning book2...

区别:

1.一般将来时:事情在将来发生

2.将来进行时:等同于一般将来时

3.将来完成时:强调到将来某一点时间动作的结束

4.将来完成进行时:强调到将来某一点时间动作可能结束或延续

过去完成进行时: had been doing

过去完成进行时:到过去某一点时间为止动作一直在延续

Eg.:His father had dead...

Eg.:His father had been waiting for his son until he came back.

Eg.:Soon the astronauts will have repaired the telescope will have done 到将来某一点时间,动作完成

Eg.:By Friday midday,they will ahve been working on it for seven days.

work on sth. 关于……的工作

到将来某一点时间,动作延续

Special dificulties

cost,price,value : noun &verbs

Nouns :price 价格; cost 费用 ; value 价值

at the cost of 以……的费用

Verbs:price sth.打听……的价格,并比较

cost 花费 sth cost money

value sth 认为……有价值

Eg.:value your time!

Eg.:I value your advice.

value sth. owned by oneself 敝帚自珍

Exercise

1...in the (price,cost,value)of living.

sharp rise 大幅上升的

living 生活

the cost of living 生活的费用

2...asks me the (price,cost,value)

price 价格

3....you will (price ,cost,value)it more.

value 表示认为有价值

4...The house(value,cost,priced)

fortune 一大笔财富

cost 花费

5...(price,cost,value)....

enormouse 巨大的

community 社区,社会

value 价值

of great (enormouse)value 有巨大的价值

6.Jane has (value,cost,priced)

alternative 另外的

recommend 推荐

price sth.比较价格

7..(price,cost ,value)...

towards = to

the cost of rebuilding 重建费用

过去完成进行时 had been doing

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